fortepiano

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orzech włoski
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walnut
He gave me a handful of walnuts. Walnuts are exceptionally nutritious.
tatar
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steak tartare
I think this steak tartare is not fresh.
krótkie spodenki
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shorts
I took my shorts off. It's too cool to wear shorts.
przewrócić do góry dnem
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capsize
to (cause a boat or ship to) turn upside down by accident while on water:
A huge wave capsized the yacht. When the boat capsized we were trapped underneath it.
podjadać
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snack
to eat small amounts of food between meals:
I've been snacking all day. If you eat three good meals a day, you're less likely to snack on biscuits.
wciągać, podciągać, dźwig, dźwignia
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hoist
to lift something heavy, sometimes using ropes or a machine:
With some difficulty he hoisted her onto his shoulders. I scrabbled for a handhold and hoisted myself up.
przewodniczyć, nadzorować, górować
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preside
to be in charge of a formal meeting, ceremony, or trial:
Who would be the best person to preside at/over the public enquiry? Judge Langdale is to preside over the official enquiry into the case.
drzewo genealogiczne, rodowód, zwierzę rasowe (rodowodowe),
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pedigree
a list of the parents and other relations of an animal:
The breeder showed us the dog's pedigree. His voice and manner suggested an aristocratic pedigree. Isolationism has a long and respectable pedigree in American history.
ustępstwo, zniżka, ulga
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concession
an act of granting something in a response to a demand
As a student, you get a concession in various places. Maybe we can negotiate a concession regarding the deal. A concession on his part allowed me to pass this exam.
zrobić kaleką, lamerskie, frajer, lamerski, kiepski (np. wymówka)
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lame
All of that your excuses are simply lame and you do not come across as a reliable person.
cegła suszona na słońcu
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adobe
a mixture of earth and straw made into bricks and dried in the sun, used to build houses in some parts of the world:
an adobe house
skaza, zanieczyszczać, splamić
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taint
to spoil something or give it an unpleasant quality:
His reputation was permanently tainted by the financial scandal. He warned of toxins such as mercury tainting some fish.
baldachim, okap
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canopy
He had a bed with a canopy.
gafa, gafa, wpadka, wtopa, głupi błąd
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bloomer
a silly or embarrassing mistake that does not have serious results. screw-up
podstępność, podstęp
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stealthiness, stealth
pustka, próżnia
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vacuum(vacua)
It couldn't have developed in a vacuum.
przełom (np. wieku), skraj (np. kariery), szpic, wierzchołek (np. figury geometrycznej)
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cusp
the dividing line between two very different things:
I was born on the cusp of the 80's. on the cusp of adulthood
napadać (zaatakować i obrabować kogoś w miejscu publicznym)
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mug
He got mugged coming home from work. He and his girlfriend were mugged seven years ago.
etap, faza, zorganizować publiczne wydarzenie, urządzić, zdiagnozować stadium choroby, wystawić sztukę
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stage
to arrange and perform a play or show. to organize an event:
We all grow up at some stage of our life. The local drama group is staging a production of the musical "Grease". London staged the Olympic Games in 2012.
podniebienie
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palate
Most commercially available brands of tea are not suitable to my palate. I can taste ginger on my palate.
niezachwiany(wiara), zdecydowany (człowiek)
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resolute
determined in character, action, or ideas:
Their resolute opposition to new working methods was difficult to overcome. She's utterly resolute in her refusal to apologize.
szeregować pod względem ważności, przedłożyć coś
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prioritize
to put in order of importance. to decide which of a group of things are the most important so that you can deal with them first:
You must learn to prioritize your work.
odszukać coś, odszukać kogoś
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chase something down
Chase that music track down
nazbierać, uzyskać, nabić
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rack up
to gradually get more points, profits, etc.:
He has racked up 450 points in three months. Astronomical profits/losses were racked up by airlines last year.
spożywać pokarm, spożyć
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ingest
to eat or drink something
The chemicals can be poisonous if ingested.
wymowa, artykulacja, sformułowanie, wygłoszenie
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enunciation
the act of pronouncing words or parts of words clearly: the fact of expressing and explaining a plan or principle clearly or formally
Victims of stroke often lack clear enunciation. The participants were chosen based on their enunciation skills and vocabulary There has been no clear enunciation of this policy. She is given to grand enunciations of principles.
oznaczać, symbolizować
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denote
to represent something
The colour red is used to denote passion or danger.
narada, zebranie, poruszać, rozważać, sugerować, przywołać w dyskusji, nikły, wątpliwy
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moot
to suggest something for discussion. not important or not relevant, therefore not worth discussing
The idea was first mooted as long ago as the 1840s. His name was mooted as a possible successor. We don't have enough money to go, so it's all moot anyway.
uwięziony
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incarcerated
to put or keep someone in prison or in a place used as a prison:, to put or keep someone in prison or in a place used as a prison
We were incarcerated in that broken elevator for four hours. Thousands of dissidents have been interrogated or incarcerated.
dysydent, odszczepieniec, opozycjonista
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dissident
a person who publicly disagrees with and criticizes their government:
political dissidents
coś, co pamięta się jak przez mgłę, niewyraźna plama, zamazać, zamazywać
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blur
He moved so fast that I could only see a blur. He blurred their faces on the image.
repatriowac, deportować, przesiedlać ludzi
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repatriate
to send or bring someone, or sometimes money or other property, back to the country that he, she, or it came from:
The government repatriated him because he had no visa.
Pieczeń mięsna
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meat loaf
domieszka, dodawanie
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admixture
something that is added to something else:
Platinum combines with phosphorus and arsenic and is seldom found without an admixture of related metals.
przekaz (pieniężny), przelew (bankowy), wpłata, płatność
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remittance
an amount of money that you send to someone: the act of sending payment to someone
remittance advice/information. She sends a small remittance home to her parents each month.
fluktuacja, wahanie
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fluctuation
fluctuations in temperature A certain amount of fluctuation in quality is unavoidable.
uśredniać, wyliczać średnią, wynosić przeciętnie, równać się
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average
to reach a particular amount as an average
Enquiries to our office average 1,000 calls a month. Many doctors average (= work an average of) 70 hours a week. Trainee accountants average (= earn an average of) £32,000 per year.
nieznaczący fakt
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factoid
an interesting piece of information
walczyć (o przetrwanie) pisać szybko i niestarannie, bazgrać, drapać, szamotanina, szukać rękami naokoło, szukać po omacku (czegoś)
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scrabble
to use your fingers to quickly find something that you cannot see. to try to get something quickly that is not easily available:
scrabble around for something. It is a real scrabble for survival. The government is scrabbling around for ways to raise revenue without putting up taxes. He was scrabbling in the sand searching for the ring.
korzyść, przynieść korzyść
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avail
use, purpose, advantage, or profit
to be avail. We tried to persuade her not to resign, but to no avail (= did not succeed). My attempts to improve the situation were of little/no avail.
plama, kleks, niewyraźny zarys, zaplamic, zrobić kleksa
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blob
a fat, round drop, usually of something sticky or thick:
a blob of glue/paint
zając
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hare
an animal like a large rabbit that can run very fast and has long ears
okazały, majestatyczny
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stately
formal, slow, and having a style and appearance that causes admiration
The procession moved through the streets at a stately pace. He always walked with a stately bearing. stately building
wzruszać ramionami, zignorować, zlekceważyć coś
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shrug sth off
pochwa miecza, schować do pochwy
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scabbard
a long, thin cover for the blade of a sword, usually attached to a belt
brak pewności siebie, poczucie zagubienia, niepewność finansowa
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insecurity
a feeling of lacking confidence and not being sure of your own abilities or of whether people like you:
a sense/feeling of insecurity She had developed an outgoing personality to mask her deep insecurities.
żyto
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rye
wypukły, wypukłość
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convex
curved or swelling out
a convex lens/mirror
stan gwałtownych problemów, bólu
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throes
experiencing or doing something that is difficult, unpleasant, or painful
The country is presently in the throes of the worst recession since the Second World War. He's in the throes of a mid-life crisis that makes him pretty hard to live with.
pasterstwo
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pastoralism
Arab pastoralists moved their herds across the land. Large swathes of rural Australia were settled by pastoralists.
zaloty, starający się, zabiegający o względy
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wooing
to try to persuade someone to support you or to use your business: If a man woos a woman, he gives her a lot of attention in an attempt to persuade her to marry him:
The party has been trying to woo the voters with promises of electoral reform. He wooed her for months with flowers and expensive presents.
ułatwiać, udostępniać
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facilitate
to make something possible or easier
We facilitated our studies to the society. In order to get ourselves out of recession, we should facilitate trade.
jęczmień
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barley
pozłacany, pokryty warstwą metalu
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plate
a flat piece of metal with words and/or pictures on it that can be printed- plate. to cover a metal object with a thin layer of another metal, especially gold or silver:
We normally plate the car handles with nickel and then chrome.
dowolność, swoboda decyzji, rozwaga, roztropność
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discretion
the ability to behave without causing embarrassment or attracting too much attention, especially by keeping information secret: the right or ability to decide something:
I shall leave it to the discretion of the Minister as to whether he wishes to deal with this. You have full discretion on this operation. Students can be expelled at the discretion of the principal I leave the decision to your discretion.
zaopatrywać, zaspokajać, spełniać (np. czyjeś żądania, potrzeby)
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cater
provide somebody with something that is needed or required
I'm catering for twelve on Sunday - the whole family is coming. Which firm will be catering at the wedding reception? Who catered your party?
osoba czująca się nieswojo w danej sytuacji
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a fish out of water
jaskrawość, ekstrawagancja
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flashiness
the quality of looking too bright, big, and expensive in a way that is intended to get attention and admiration:
There is a pleasing lack of flashiness for an expensive resort. The only hint of flashiness was a slim state-of the-art computer sitting on the desk.
grząski, niepewny, rozmiękły
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squishy
soft when pressed
a squishy banana. The whole idea of what constitutes a disability is squishy. The definition of spam is squishy - a message that you delete I may think is a worthwhile offer.
szczebel drabiny, szprych roweru
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spoke
any of the rods that join the edge of a wheel to its centre, so giving the wheel its strength:
a bicycle spoke
tytułowy
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eponymous
An eponymous character in a play, book, etc. has the same name as the title. An eponymous adjective, place name, etc. is one that comes from the name of a person:
Victorian, Wagnerian, and dickensian are all examples of eponymous adjectives.
haniebny
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ignominious
(especially of events or behaviour) embarrassing because of being a complete failure:
an ignominious defeat/failure/retreat
wspomagać, przychodzić z odsieczą, pomoc
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succor
help given to someone, especially someone who is suffering or in need
Her organization gave succour and strength to those who had been emotionally damaged.
Roszpunka
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rapunzel
wpływowy, ważny
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influential
key, vital, significant, serious, substantial, crucial, critical. having a lot of influence on someone or something:
She wanted to work for a bigger and more influential (= powerful) newspaper. Johnson was influential (= important) in persuading the producers to put money into the film.
mandarynka
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tangerine, mandarin
a fruit like a small orange with a loose skin
larwa, czerw, pędrak, grzebać w ziemi, ryć
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grub
an insect in the stage when it has just come out of its egg:
A grub looks like a short, fat worm. The dog was grubbing around/about in the mud for a bone.
wygrzebać, karczować
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grub out
to dig something out of the ground to get rid of it:
She spent the morning in the garden, grubbing up weeds.
kapuś, donosić, zwędzić, donosić
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snitch
to secretly tell someone in authority that someone else has done something bad, often in order to cause trouble
He snitched to my boss that I'd been making long-distance calls at work! People who cooperate with police are viewed by their neighbours as snitches.
krawędź, grzbiet (górski), grań, pas gleby
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ridge
a long, narrow raised part of a surface, especially a high edge along a mountain. the part of a roof where the sloping sides join at the top
She saw the ridge road going off to the right. My parents' house is on the other side of the ridge. We walked along the narrow mountain ridge. figurative A ridge (= a narrow area) of high pressure will bring good weather this afternoon.
nazwa, określenie, nadanie nazwy
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appellation
a name or title:
As a child, he received the appellation "Mouse".
pionier, pomysłodawca
Pioneer
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trailblazer
the first person to do something or go somewhere, who shows that it is also possible for other people:
Orville and Wilbur Wright were aviation trailblazers.
grupa (podobny zestaw przedmiotów czy osób), seria, partia, porcja
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batch
a group of things or people dealt with at the same time or considered similar in type:
The first batch of a hundred should be ready next week. This is the first batch of uninfected from both testing groups.
wyekwipować, wyposażyć, ubrać
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outfit
to provide someone or something with equipment or clothes: to equip
The ambulances have all been outfitted with new radios.
obraźliwy
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abusive
using rude and offensive words. scurrilous
an abusive letter/phone call He was apparently abusive to the flight attendants.
letni, lekko ciepły, obojętny
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lukewarm
(especially of a liquid) only slightly warm. not enthusiastic or interested:
This coffee's lukewarm. Her proposals got a lukewarm response.
problem, trudna sytuacja
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the rub
the particular problem that makes a situation difficult or impossible
You can't get a job unless you have experience, but there's the rub, you can't get experience unless you have a job
wykręcić, skręcić (włosy, kark), wymuszać coś (siła)
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wring
to hold something tightly with both hands and twist it by turning your hands in opposite directions
wring your hair outm. She wrung out the shirt and hung it out to dry. wring sth's neck
wymusić, wydrzeć coś komuś (np. pieniądze), wymusić siłą lub przez szantaż
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extort
to get something by force or threats, or with difficulty
He had been extorting money from the old lady for years. Police have not so far been able to extort a confession from the people accused of the bombing.
knuć, przygotowywać (np. spisek), właz, luk (np. do statku), okienko, wykluć się z jajka
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hatch
to (cause an egg to) break in order to allow a young animal to come out. to make a plan, especially a secret plan:
He hatched a plot to forge documents that would embarrass the company.
łatwowierny
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gullible
easily deceived or tricked, and too willing to believe everything that other people say
There are any number of miracle cures on the market for people gullible enough to buy them.
powiew, dmuchnięcie, zapach,
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whiff
a slight smell, carried on a current of air; a slight sign of something. I caught a whiff of something rather unpleasant in the attic.
He leaned towards me and I caught/got a whiff of garlic. During the first few months of pregnancy the slightest whiff of food cooking made my stomach turn. They regularly hold elections without a whiff of corruption or violence. catch a whiff
spartaczyć coś
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cock something up
something that is done wrong or badly:
Gerry's made a right cock-up with/of those figures! So it was delivered to the wrong place? What a cock-up!
przygnębiony
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despondent
unhappy and with no hope or enthusiasm
He became/grew increasingly despondent when she failed to return his phone calls. She started to feel despondent about ever finding a job. There is a general air of despondency about the state of our democracy
czerwienić
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redden
If something reddens, it becomes or is made more red than it was
His face reddened with embarrassment.
drażnić, dokuczać
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vex
to cause difficulty to someone, or to cause someone to feel angry, annoyed, or upset (old fashion)
This issue looks likely to continue to vex the government.
oniemiały, osłupiały
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dumbstruck
speechless, stunned, wordless, awestruck
z żalem, niestety
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regretfully
in a way that shows that you feel sorry about something:
I never saw her again," he added regretfully. She regretfully left behind many friends when she moved to Wales.
oczarować, rzucić urok
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bewitch
to attract or interest someone a lot so that you have the power to influence them: to put a magic spell on someone or something in order to control him, her, or it
He was bewitched by her beauty.
zanurzać się, dusić emocje, zatapiać się w czymś
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submerge
to go below or make something go below the surface of the sea or a river or lake: to cover or hide something completely
She has submerged her identity in the role of photographer's wife and muse. She was taken to hospital after being submerged in an icy river for 45 minutes. She is an actress who always tries to submerge herself completely in a role.
przypadek, los szczęścia, przypadkowo
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haphazard
not having an obvious order or plan:
He tackled the problem in a typically haphazard manner. Haphazard record-keeping made it difficult for the agency to keep track of its clients.
wypowiadać publicznie, nadawać(w radiu)
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air
to make opinions or complaints known to other people
Putting a complaint in the suggestions box is one way of airing your grievances. He'll air his views on the war whether people want to listen or not.
żal (do kogoś), skarga (na kogoś)
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grievance
a complaint or a strong feeling that you have been treated unfairly:
A special committee has been appointed to handle prisoners' grievances. Bill still harbours/nurses a grievance against his employers for not promoting him.
gotować na wolnym ogniu, gotowanie, rozwijać się, stopniowo przybierać na sile
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simmer
to cook something liquid, or something with liquid in it, at a temperature slightly below boiling: If a disagreement or negative emotion simmers, it grows slowly stronger over a period of time and could become more serious at any moment
Leave the vegetables to simmer for a few minutes. The strike has been simmering for weeks. She's been simmering with resentment ever since the meeting.
belka, miedza (w polu), kłoda, przeszkoda, wzdragać się (przed czymś), być niechętnym (czemuś)
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balk
to be unwilling to do something or to allow something to happen: a rough, thick piece of wood
I balked at the prospect of spending four hours on a train with him. This is our last balk towrds the goal.
zabiegać (o coś), zalecać się do, umizgiwać się do, smalić cholewki do
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court
to try to please someone because you want them to join you: to try to get something, especially attention or support from other people: to risk something unpleasant, especially by behaving stupidly or carelessly:
Adams is being courted by a number of football clubs. She courts publicity by inviting journalists to extravagant parties. Drinking and driving is simply courting disaster. He always courts every girl he meets.
kamyk, kwarc, obrzucać kamieniami
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pebble
A pebble got into my shoe. The man said it was some sort of a rare pebble. Why did you pebble his car?
drób
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poultry
birds, such as chickens, that are bred for their eggs and meat:
Some poultry farmers keep turkeys and ducks as well as chickens.
zaniedbanie
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negligence
the fact of not giving enough care or attention to someone or something:
medical negligence. There has been negligence in your investigation.
dobitny, stanowczy, dla podkreślenia, z emfazą
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emphatic
done or said in a strong way and without any doubt: in a forceful way:
Poland reached the final of the championship yesterday with an emphatic 5–0 victory over Italy. Johnson has emphatically denied the allegations against him.
kabina(na statku), chata (w górach)
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cabin
drzewiec, trzon, szyb
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shaft
a pole or rod that forms the handle of a tool or weapon: a beam of light: the part of the hair above the scalp
the shaft of a golf club. A shaft of (sun)light came through the open door.
skalp / skóra na głowie
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scalp
the skin on the top of a person's head where hair usually grows:
a dry/oily/itchy scalp Some tribes used to collect scalps to prove how many of the enemy they had killed in battle.
łupież
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dandruff
small, white pieces of dead skin from the head that collect in the hair or fall on the clothes
łachman, szmata, łachmanić
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tatter
With her free hand she groped, caught hold of something, lifted a gray tatter up to view.
chrząstka
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gristle
a solid white substance in meat that comes from near the bone and is hard to chew (= crush with the teeth). gristly. gristliness
krakanie, krakać
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caw
the loud, rough cry of a bird such as a crow
padlina
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carrion
dead or decaying flesh
Vultures live chiefly on carrion.
zelżeć, przestać; przerwa, odpoczynek
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let up
to stop doing something that you have been doing continuously or in a determined way: a pause or reduction in something, usually something bad: If bad weather or an unpleasant situation lets up, it stops or improves:
The airline authorities are not expecting a let-up in delays (= are not expecting delays to stop) for the rest of the summer. When the rain lets up we'll go for a walk. Neil spent the entire evening moaning about his job - he just wouldn't let up.
zagłuszyć
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drown out
If a loud noise drowns out another noise, it prevents it from being heard.
obnosić się, wystawiać na pokaz, paradować, popisywanie się
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flaunt
to show or make obvious something you are proud of in order to get admiration
He's got a lot of money but he doesn't flaunt it. Flavio was flaunting his tan in a pair of white trunks.
podpuszczać, podjudzać
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egg on
to strongly encourage someone to do something that might not be a very good idea:
Don't egg him on! He gets himself into enough trouble without your encouragement.
na główkę
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headfirst
with your head in front of the rest of your body while you move forward
She dived headfirst into the pool.
cienki, lekki (o ubraniach) kruchy, nietrwały
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flimsy
very thin, or easily broken or destroyed
You won't be warm enough in that flimsy dress. We spent the night in a flimsy wooden hut. a flimsy cardboard box
cyrkiel
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compass
I need a compass
objazd, obrażać, zjechać
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diss
to disrespect
Don't diss me, man!
oszust
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impostor
a person who pretends to be someone else in order to deceive others:
He felt like an impostor among all those intelligent people, as if he had no right to be there.
rąbać, ciosać, dziennik pokładowy, logarytm
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log
to cut down trees so that you can use their wood:
The forest has been so heavily logged that it is in danger of disappearing.
drewno, stare meble, graty, rupiecie
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timber, lumber
There are ample resources of lumber and mines in the mountains. I have to throw away all this lumber. This area is being lumbered.
rąbek, brzeg ubrania, margines, obrzeżeń
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hem
the edge of a piece of cloth, such as the bottom edge of a skirt or dress, that is folded over and sewn so that it does not develop loose threads
I need to hem those curtains. We met by the river's hem of high trees.
wahać się przed daniem odpowiedzi, być niezdecydowanym, szukać słów
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hem and haw
He hummed and hawed for a long time before giving an answer.
położna
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midwife
a person, usually a woman, who is trained to help women when they are giving birth
wynikać, wywiązać się
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ensue
to happen after something else, especially as a result of it:
The police officer said that he had placed the man under arrest and that a scuffle had ensued.
kompromis
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trade-off
a situation in which you balance two opposing situations or qualities: a situation in which you accept something bad in order to have something good:
There is a trade-off between doing the job accurately and doing it quickly. For some car buyers, lack of space is an acceptable trade-off for a sporty design.
spienić, piana
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lather
soap oneself, a pale, usually white, mass of small bubbles produced especially when soap is mixed with water
Wet the hair, apply shampoo, and massage into a rich lather.: a foam or froth formed when a detergent (such as soap) is agitated in water
powtarzać coś wielokrotnie (w celu podkreślenia znaczenia lub wyjaśnienia)
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reitarate
to repeat something to make sure that its meaning is as clear as possible
The government has reiterated its refusal to compromise with terrorists. She reiterated that she had never seen him before.
zakola
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receding hairline
odgrywać, odgrać, uchwalać, wcielać w życie
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enact
to put something into action, especially to make something law: to perform a story or play
A package of economic sanctions is to be enacted against the country. The stories are enacted using music, dance and mime.
pantomima, mim
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mime
the act of using movements of your hands and body, and expressions on your face, without speech, to communicate emotions and actions or to tell a story:
facial expression. The first scene was performed in mime.
mąka ziemniaczana, skrobia
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starch
a white substance that exists in large amounts in potatoes and particular grains such as rice:
Corn starch is used as a thickener in stews.
miszmasz, mieszanina
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hotch-potch
a confused mixture of different things:
New Age thinking seems to be a hotchpotch of old and new ideas.
czyściec, męka, droga przez mękę, męczarnia
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purgatory
the place to which Roman Catholics believe that the spirits of dead people go and suffer for the evil acts that they did while they were alive, before. they are able to go to heaven. an extremely unpleasant experience that causes suffering:
I've been on a diet for two weeks now, and it's purgatory!
przyjaźń, dobre stosunki
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amity
a good relationship
The two groups had lived in perfect amity for many years before the recent troubles.
solanka
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brine
water with salt in it, especially when used to preserve food
tuna/olives in brine
typowy, zasadniczy
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quintessential
being the most typical example or most important part of something:
Sheep's milk cheese is the quintessential Corsican cheese.
środek odkażający, antyseptyczny
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antiseptic
a chemical used for preventing infection in an injury, especially by killing bacteria
Antiseptic is used to sterilize the skin before giving an injection. Many of the ingredients for antiseptics come from the rainforests.
krępy
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stocky
obierać ze skórki, łuszczyć się, schodzić
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peel
to remove the skin of fruit and vegetables. If a layer or covering peels, it slowly comes off, and if you peel a layer or covering, you remove it slowly and carefully
Peel, core, and chop the apples. The posters were peeling away from the damp walls.
złożyć zamówienie
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to place an order
wydać oświadczenie
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to issue a statement
pokryć koszt
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to cover the cost
wyrównanie, korekcja
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equalisation
the process of making things or people equal:
There were no plans for tax equalization. equalization of pressure inside and outside the aircraft
upadek, upadać, runąć, przewracać się, toczyć się
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tumble
to fall quickly and without control. to fall a lot in value in a short time. to move in an uncontrolled way, as if falling or likely to fall:
Share prices tumbled yesterday. I lost my footing and tumbled down the stairs. At any moment the whole building could tumble down. She took a nasty tumble on her way to work and grazed her arm.
gruszki na wierzbie
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pie in the sky
something that you hope will happen but is very unlikely to happen:
Their plans to set up their own business are just pie in the sky.
pociągać nosem, wciągać nosem, kręcić nosem,
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sniff
to smell something by taking air in through your nose: to speak in an unpleasant way, showing that you have a low opinion of something. to take air in quickly through your nose, usually to stop the liquid inside the nose from flowing out:
He sniffed his socks to see if they needed washing. Dogs love sniffing each other. He was expelled from school for sniffing glue"They didn't even serve wine at dinner!" she sniffed.
studio, pracownia
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atelier, studio
My brother is a painter, he has his own studio.
kuśtykać, chromanie, utykanie
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hobble
to walk in an awkward way, usually because the feet or legs are injured: to limit something or control the freedom of someone:
The last time I saw Rachel she was hobbling around with a stick. Some of the runners could only manage to hobble over the finishing line. A long list of amendments have hobbled the new legislation
słaby / marny
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feeble
The feeble old man collapsed on the sidewalk. She made a feeble attempt to explain the issue.
drzemać
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doze
He laid down on the couch and went for a doze. I need to doze off for half an hour.
powierzać, zawierzać się
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confide, entrust
to tell something secret or personal to someone who you trust not to tell anyone else: to give someone a thing or a duty for which they are responsible
He confided (to her) that his hair was not his own. He didn't look like the sort of man you should entrust your luggage to. Two senior officials have been entrusted with organizing the auction.
nakłaniać, układać (włosy)
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coax
to persuade someone gently to do something or go somewhere, by being kind and patient, or by appearing to be. to manage to get something to do something, or something to happen, by being very patient and taking great care. wheedle
Perhaps you could coax your father into taking you to the station. A mother was coaxing her reluctant child into the water. Stem cells are coaxed to grow into a variety of cells to be injected into patients. She coaxed the plane in for the landing.
mieć odwagę, tupet
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have the nerv
skowronek, heca, cyrk(nieprzyjemna sytuacja), dla zabawy, wydurniać się
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lark
a small, brown bird that is known for its beautiful singing. an activity done for a joke that is not intended to cause serious harm or damage. a way of referring to an activity or a situation that you do not take seriously
as a lark, have a lark. The kids hid their teacher's bike for a lark. I don't really think I'm suited to this marriage lark. I've had enough of this commuting lark
sedno, oś, główna postać
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pivot
a fixed point supporting something that turns or balances. the central or most important person or thing in a situation:
The former guerrilla leader has become the pivot on which the country's emerging political stability turns/revolves (= it depends on him).
radować, cieszyć wynagradzać spełniać, zaspokajać
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gratify
to please someone, or to satisfy a wish or need:
We were gratified by the response to our appeal. He was gratified to see how well his students had done. sexual gratification Some people expect instant gratification (= to get what they want immediately).
złamanie, złamać (się), pęknąć
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fracture
If something hard, such as a bone, fractures, or is fractured, it breaks or cracks:
fractured lens. She fractured her skull in the accident. Two of her ribs fractured when she was thrown from her horse.
zamknięcie, uwięzienie, poród
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confinement
the situation in which a person or animal is kept somewhere, usually by force: labour
She spent most of those years under house arrest or close confinement.
śmiercionośny, całkowity, kompletny
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deadly
He killed himself by drinking a deadly poison. What a deadly lack of respect! My husband left me, and I have been deadly insecure ever since.
nietykalność, odporność
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immunity, inviolability
that must be respected and not removed or ignored: a situation in which you are protected against disease or from legal action: He was granted immunity from prosecution
inviolableness, Everyone has an inviolable right to protection by a fair legal system. Both sides agreed to respect the inviolability of their joint border. They recognized the inviolability of the authority of the church.
korzyści, łupy
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spoils
goods, advantages, or profits obtained by winning a war or being in a particular position or situation:
Only one competitor wins and gets the spoils of victory.
wszy
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lice
a very small insect that lives on the bodies or in the hair of people and animals. louse - singular
louse
pstrąg
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a trout
a fish that lives in rivers and lakes, or lives in the sea but returns to rivers to produce its eggs, that is a popular food:
Thousands of young salmon and trout have been killed by pollution. The lake is famous for its trout fishing. We are going to dine today in the trout restaurant
węgorz
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eel
a long, thin, snake-like fish, some types of which are eaten:
zmierzch zapadł
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the twilight faded
Eve, nightfall
They waited as the twilight faded. As the the twilight set in we emerge of being defenceless
ubóstwiać,
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idolize
to admire and respect someone very much, often too much: revere
She idolized her father.
rosół
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broth
He poured some boiling broth into her bowl.
prychnąć, drwiąco parsknąć
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blow a raspberry
niewychowany
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ill-mannered, mannerless
That's not only childish, it's ill-mannered.
zasmażka
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roux
przytłoczyć kogoś
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weigh on somebody
to make someone feel nervous or worried
Problems at work are weighing on him.
hałas, zgiełk, wrzaski, głośne domaganie się czegoś, podnieść krzyk
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clamour
to make a loud complaint or demand. a loud complaint about something or a demand for something
The children were all clamouring for attention. the clamour of the city a clamour of voices
cebilat, bezżenność
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celibacy
the state of not having sex, especially because you have made a religious promise not to:
Celibacy is not exclusive to Catholic priests. She chose celibacy after a pregnancy scare at 16.
zdecydowany, stanowczy, decydujący, bezapelacyjny
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decisive
able to make decisions quickly and confidently, or showing this quality: strongly affecting how a situation will progress or end:
You need to be more decisive. a decisive reply. These results could prove decisive in establishing the criminal's identity. a decisive role a decisive victory
wróżyć
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bode, foretell
It does not bode you well. read somebody's tea leaves
wydrążone
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hollowed-out
beczeć, beczenie owiec, biadolenie, breke
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bleat
When a sheep or goat bleats, it makes the typical sound of these animals.
She's always bleating (on) about how badly she's been treated.
tegi, otyły, korpulentny
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corpulent
fat
a corpulent gentleman
miąższ
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pulp, flesh
I can see pieces of flesh in this orange juice. Cut the fruit open and remove the pulp.
walić się, tonąć
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founder
to be unsuccessful.(especially of a boat) to fill with water and sink:
Teaching computers to read and write has always foundered on the unpredictable human element in language. The ferry foundered in a heavy storm, taking many of the passengers and crew with it.
wzbogacić
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enrich, ritichen
to make something more interesting, attractive and varied
panika, trwoga, popłoch, przestraszyć
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scare
The scare started after the man shot the gun into the air. The communist scare was a serious problem in the United States.
moczopędny
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diuretic
a substance that causes an increase in the production of urine
a nettle is a very diuretic weed that in an inordinate amounts consumed may lead to serious problem with one's health
niezaradny, słaby, niedołężny, bez wartości
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feckless
weak in character and lacking determination
He was portrayed as a feckless drunk.
fortel, podstęp
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ruse
a trick intended to deceive someone
It was just a ruse to distract her while his partner took the money. subterfuge
gablota, witryna, wizytówka czyichś umiejętności, wystawić na pokaz, promować
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showcase
a container with glass sides in which valuable or important objects are kept so that they can be looked at without being touched, damaged, or stolen. a situation or event that makes it possible for the best features of something to be seen:
The Venice Film Festival has always been the showcase of Italian cinema. The main aim of the exhibition is to showcase British design
zabezpieczenie, ochrona, zabezpieczenie, gwarancja
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safeguard
to protect somebody or something with appropriate measures. to protect something from harm
The union safeguards the interests of all its members. Extensive background checks on staff are carried out to safeguard children in schools.
odrzucić, odmówić, wyrzekać się
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repudiate
to refuse to accept something or someone as true, good, or reasonable:
He repudiated the allegation/charge/claim that he had tried to deceive them. I utterly repudiate those remarks.
ladacznica, nierządnica
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harlot, jezebel
a female prostitute,
rzemieślnik
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artisan
someone who does skilled work with their hands, craftsman. made in a traditional way by someone who is skilled with their hands:
artisanal bread/cheese.
oddział
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detachment, squad, unit, troop
I train my army unit. Has the troop already set off? The station was evacuated and the bomb squad experts called. An additional detachment will be arriving at our outpost today.
błagać
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beseech
to ask for something in a way that shows you need it very much:
Stay a little longer, I beseech you!
młody wół, nakierować, å styre unna
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steer
He steered him away from this crazy idea. I steered the conversation towards a different topic.
zdobyć, wykrzesać (odwagę), apel(w wojsku), zbierać grupę
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muster
to produce or encourage something such as an emotion or support. (especially of soldiers) to come together, especially in preparation for fighting, or to cause to do this:
She managed to muster the courage to ask him to the cinema. The team will need all the strength they can muster to win this game. The twelfth division mustered on the hill.
rżeć, rżenie
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neigh
plecenie, oplatanie
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braiding
a plait
Susan had long white hair in a single braid.
naskórek
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cuticle
the thin skin at the base of the nails on the fingers and toes
przypisać
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ascribe
to consider something to be caused, created, or owned by someone or something:
To what do you ascribe the enormous success of your latest book? People like to ascribe human feelings to animals (= believe animals have human feelings).
wyuczyć (przez powtarzanie), wpoić
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drill
I drilled students in English pronunciation. I had to drill the multiplication table.
prawdopodobne jest/ szanse są
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the odds are
the odds are in somebody's favour
Pozwolę sobie być innego zdania
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I beg to differ
I see, however, I beg to differ.
widziałem co się świeci
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I saw writing on the wall
przygotowywać się, klamra, zastrzał, aparat ortopedyczny, wzmocnić, umacniać (uczynić stabilniejszym, mocniejszym)
suspenders
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brace
something that is used to support or connect things, or to make something stronger: to support an object in order to stop it from falling down: to prepare yourself physically or mentally for something unpleasant
He was recently fitted with a brace for his bad back. The side wall of the old house was braced with a wooden support. She told me she had some bad news for me and I braced myself for a shock. The passengers were told to brace themselves
tęgi, korpulentny
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stout
(especially of older people) fat and solid-looking, especially around the waist: Stout objects are strongly made from thick, strong materials:
Mrs Blower was the stout lady with the glasses. I bought myself a pair of good stout hiking boots.
nękać, zakłócać przebieg, dokuczać
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harass
to annoy someone by putting pressure on them or doing unpleasant things to them
He claimed that the police continued to harass foreign journalists. She felt she was being harassed by the coach’s constant demands.
wstręt, odraza
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repugnance
a feeling of disgust caused by behaviour or beliefs, etc. which are very unpleasant. REPUGNANT
The thought of eating meat fills me with repugnance. Overcoming his physical repugnance, he reached out to touch the wound.
nasilanie się, natężenie
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build-up
There is a fluid building up in your brain.
współwyznawca
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coreligionist
wstrzymać się, zaniechać
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desist
to stop doing something, especially something that someone else does not want you to do:
The soldiers have been ordered to desist from firing their guns. The high winds are expected to desist tomorrow.
aspirować, dążyć do czegoś, pretendować
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aspire, pretend to
to want something very much or hope to achieve something or be successful
Most of his students aspired to a career in business. We aspire to become full-service providers to our clients. pretend to peak on my occupational basis
popęd seksualny
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sex drive
prowadzić handel wymienny, wymieniać towary, handlować wymiennie
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barter
Perhaps, he could be barter on good conditions. Normans may pay a lot to ransom him from us.
na początek, na dzień dobry
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for starters,
For starters, we should introduce our guest.
przekazać dalej, odejść (umrzeć)
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pass on
to refuse an opportunity or decide not to take part in something
He passed on the chance to be head coach and took a job in Florida. Some organizations passed on substantially less money to the candidates. There are some diseases that a woman might pass on to her child.
poplamić, bejcować, kolorować, splamić
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stain
to leave a mark on something that is difficult to remove, or to become colored or spoiled by a mark. permanent damage to someone's reputation or character:
stainless, Strawberry juice stained my shirt. [I ] This carpet is practical because it doesn’t stain easily. His solicitor said, "He leaves this court without a stain on his character." SMART Vocabulary: related words and. wood stain
pienisty, czczy, pusty(bez wyrazu)
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frothy
(of a liquid) with small white bubbles on the surface
Beat the mixture until it becomes frothy. frothy hot chocolate
najazd, wtargnięcie, ingerencja i naruszenie (prywatność)
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incursion
a sudden attack on or act of going into a place, especially across a border: an occasion when people suddenly involve themselves in another person's private situation. INCURSIVE
incursions into enemy territory. Incursion of German discount retailers into the American market was a surprise.
delegacja, poselstwo
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deputation
a group of people sent to speak or act for others:
They sent a deputation to Parliament. The deputation from the EU arrives/arrive tomorrow.
wpływowy
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impactful
having a powerful effect on a situation or person:
I'm trying to use my time in a more impactful way. The speech was very impactful.
ubezwłasnowolnić, uczynić niezdolnym, uczynić niesprawnym
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incapacitate
to make someone unable to work or do things normally, or unable to do what they intended to do:
The accident left me incapacitated for seven months. Rubber bullets are designed to incapacitate people rather than kill them. The novel tells the story of a man’s incapacity for love.
uzupełniać, zaopatrzyć, dolać
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replenish
to fill something up again
Food stocks were replenished by/with imports from abroad. Does your glass need replenishing?
Tabela okresowa
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the periodic table
an arrangement of the symbols of chemical elements in rows and columns, showing similarities in chemical behaviour, especially between elements in the same columns
kaczka dziennikarska, głupi kawał, żart, mistyfikacja, oszukać
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hoax
a plan to deceive someone, such as telling the police there is a bomb somewhere when there is not one, or a trick:
The telephone warning turned out to be a hoax. The bomb threat turned out to be a hoax. He'd made a hoax call claiming to be the president.
odraczać (np. wyrok), opóźniać (np. odjazd), poddawać się (czyjejś woli), ustępować (komuś)
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defer
defer to sth- mieć wzgląd na coś. to delay something until a later time
My bank has agreed to defer the repayments on my loan. Can we defer making a decision until next week? DEFERMENT. Cheaper graduate loans are available without the deferment option.
z całego serca, serdecznie, drogo, srogo
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dearly
very much. in a way that is expensive
If you refuse to cooperate with us, you will pay dearly for it. She will be dearly missed by her family and friends.
rzecz, umiejętność, która się chwalimy
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flex
look at my new flex! He's flexing on Mike. Weird flex but ok.
nieuzadadniony, bezpodstawny, gołosłowny
wild accusations
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groundless
without cause. baseless. unfounded.
My fears turned out to be groundless.
treściwy (np. opis), lakoniczny (o odpowiedzi), zwięzły (o wyjaśnieniu
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succinct
brief, concise, expressed briefly and clearly
succinctness Keep your letter succinct and to the point.
obserwacja, analiza, nadzór
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scrutiny
the careful and detailed examination of something in order to get information about it: The government's record will be subjected to/come under (close) scrutiny in the weeks before the election.
erodować, "źle wpływać"
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erode
to rub or be rubbed away gradually: to slowly reduce or destroy something
Wind and rain have eroded the statues into shapeless lumps of stone. The cliffs are eroding several feet a year. His behaviour over the last few months has eroded my confidence in his judgment
tępy, szczery, otwarty (np. rozmowa), osłabić, złagodzić (np. uczucia, entuzjazm) mówiąc bez ogródek,
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blunt
saying what you think without trying to be polite or considering other people's feelings: to make a feeling less strong:
I'll be blunt - that last piece of work you did was terrible. My recent bad experience has blunted my enthusiasm for travel.
spieniężyć
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monetize
to change something into money, or to express something in terms of money or a currency: to make money from something
Japan is monetizing several trillion dollars of government debt. The problem was how to monetize this kind of social networking site.
gromadzić duże ilości czegoś (najczęściej pieniędzy)
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rake in
to earn or get a large amount of money
He rakes in over $200,000 a year. She's really raking it in
gromadzić duże ilości czegoś (najczęściej pieniędzy), zarabiać dużo kasy
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rake in
to earn or get a large amount of money
He rakes in over $200,000 a year. She's really raking it in
mieć kłopoty, być w tarapatach
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be toast
to be likely to be unsuccessful, destroyed, or dead
If I don't agree to do what they ask, I'm toast.
oklepany, banalny
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trite
expressed too often to be interesting or seem sincere:
His lyrics about love and peace are too trite for me to take them seriously. I know it will sound trite, but I've loved being part of this club.
żrący, destrukcyjny
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corrosive, caustic
A corrosive substance causes damage by chemical action. harmful and causing bad feelings
a highly corrosive acid. the corrosive influence of racism
węzeł,
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node
a place where a leaf and stem join on a plant: a place where things such as lines or systems join: a very small mass of tissue in the body
In this diagram, every node is a neuron, and every line is a connection. A network is a series of points or nodes interconnected by communication paths.
według skali
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at scale
You are to be paid at scale, with no extra privileges whatsoever.
odsetki
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interest
pilny, palący, niezbędny, naglący, konieczność nakaz
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imperative
extremely important or urgent
The president said it was imperative that the release of all hostages be secured. It's imperative to act now before the problem gets really serious.
tarcza (np. zegarka)
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dial
sporadyczny
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intermittent, sporadic
not happening regularly or continuously; stopping and starting repeatedly or with periods in between, occasional
intermittent rain an intermittent noise Although she made intermittent movie appearances, she was essentially a stage actress.
podwozie
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chassis
substructure, the frame of a vehicle, usually including the wheels and engine, onto which the metal covering is fixed:
The car's lightweight chassis is made from aluminium sheets.
cykada
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cicada
małżonek panującego, zadawać się z kimś, przestawać z kimś (z osobą, której nie akceptuje reszta)
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consort
to spend a lot of time in the company of a particular group of people, especially people whose character is not approved of. a wife or husband, especially of a ruler
They claimed he had been consorting with drug dealers.
przystąpić, wstąpić (np. do partii politycznej), obejmować (jakieś stanowisko), wyrażać zgodę na coś
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accede, accedence
to become king or queen, or to take a position of power
The diaries were written in 1837, when Queen Victoria acceded to the throne. He graciously acceded to our request. It is doubtful whether the government will ever accede to the nationalists' demands for independence.
obdarzony wyobraźnią, o bujnej wyobraźni, pomysłowy, twórczy
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imaginative
new, original, and clever:, good at thinking of new, original, and clever ideas:
an imaginative new approach/policy The architects have made imaginative use of glass and transparent plastic. an imaginative designer
taczka
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wheelbarrow
pojmować, rozumieć, zawierać, obejmować (np. w opracowaniu)
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comprehend
to understand something completely
I fail to comprehend their attitude. He doesn't seem to comprehend the scale of the problem I'll never comprehend why she did what she did.
taśma klejąca
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Scotch tape
kleik, kaszka, papka
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gruel
a cheap simple food made, especially in the past, by boiling oats with water or milk
obeznanie, poufałość, zażyłość
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familiarity
a good knowledge of something, or the fact that you know it so well: friendly and informal behaviour
His excessive familiarity offended her. Your familiarity with this criminal is disturbing.
panierka, rzadkie ciasto, zbić, walić, tłuc, uderzyć, doświadczyć
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batter
to hit and behave violently towards a person, especially a woman or child, repeatedly over a long period of time, or to hit something with force many times. a mixture of flour, eggs, and milk, used to make pancakes or to cover food before frying it:
He was battered to death with a rifle butt. He was battering (at/on) the door with his fists and howling. fish in batter
siorbać
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slurp
to drink a liquid noisily as a result of sucking air into the mouth at the same time as the liquid:
Try not to slurp. I wish you wouldn't slurp your soup like that. He slurped down his coffee.
bezbożność
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impiety
a lack of respect, especially for God or religion: opposite: piety
act of impiety. The Church accused him of impiety and had all his writings burned.
białko jaja, klei
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glair
zwracać uwagę, baczyć, uwaga
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heed
to pay attention to something, especially advice or a warning
The airline has been criticized for failing to heed advice/warnings about lack of safety routines. Perhaps they should have heeded their own advice. Voters are dissatisfied, and Congress should take heed (= consider this).
zjawa, upiór
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revenant
someone who has returned, especially someone who returns to life after being dead:
The dead son becomes a ghostly revenant.
potępienie, niech to szlag
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damnation
the act of sending someone to hell or the state of being in hell:
He believed that he would be condemned to eternal damnation for what he had done. Damnation! I completely forgot about it.
spokój umysłu, opanowanie
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equanimity
a calm mental state, especially after a shock or disappointment or in a difficult situation:
He received the news of his mother's death with remarkable equanimity. Three years after the tragedy she has only just begun to regain her equanimity. equanimous. Living lightly, he trained his mind to be equanimous under all circumstances.
przekupny, sprzedajny
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venal, venality
A venal person is willing to behave in a way that is not honest or moral in exchange for money: A venal activity is done in order to get money:
a venal ruler. a venal regime They are accused of being involved in venal practices. His reputation has been defined by allegations of corruption and venality. His best-known novel is a bitter study of the venality of the literary world.
cielesny, seksualny, zmysłowy
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carnal carnality
relating to the physical feelings and wants of the body: fleshly
carnal desires. His descriptions of food are invitations to carnality.
eunuch
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eunuch
uległość
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compliance, docility
the act of obeying an order, rule, or request
It is the job of the inspectors to enforce compliance with the regulations. The company said that it had always acted in compliance with environmental laws. Children were believed to owe docility and obedience to their parents.
przeciwność losu, odwrócenie, radykalna zmiana (np. sytuacji, kierunku)
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reversal
a problem or failure:
He could not arrive due to an unexpected reversal. The reversal in our international policy has proven to be beneficial. We have suffered a couple of minor/temporary reversals.
zaciągać (np. długi), ponosić (np. karę, straty), wywoływać, narażać (się), ściągać na siebie (np. gniew)
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incur
to experience something, usually something unpleasant, as a result of actions you have taken:
to incur debts/fines/bills The play has incurred the wrath/anger of both audiences and critics. Please detail any costs/expenses incurred by you in attending the interview.
błogosławieństwo
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benediction
knebel, zamknięcie dyskusji wbrew woli mniejszości, kneblować, zakrztusić się, wymiotować
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gag
a piece of cloth that is tied around a person's mouth or put inside it in order to stop the person from speaking, shouting, or calling for help
He gagged on the water he was drinking when he heard the news. He was talking too much, so I gagged him. He had a gag tied over his mouth.
naparstek, kieliszek alkoholu (zwłaszcza w Szkocji), drachm
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dram
unikać (odpowiedzialności, tematu), lekceważyć (problem), omijać
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sidestep
to avoid talking about a subject, especially by starting to talk about something else: to step to the side in order to avoid something, especially being hit:
The speaker sidestepped the question by saying that it would take him too long to answer it. He sidestepped the blow/the tackle.
szeroko znany, ważne miejsce
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high-profile
attracting a lot of attention and interest from the public and newspapers, television, etc
high-profile politicians He resigned from a high-profile job as economic adviser to the president.
przeciąganie liny, walka o dominację, współzawodnictwo
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tug of war
a type of sport in which two teams show their strength by pulling against each other at the opposite ends of a rope, and each team tries to pull the other over a line on the ground
At least when we have a national assembly, there will be no tug of war within that body. I watched his prowess in the tug of war with great respect and considerable fear.
molo, filar
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pier
a long structure sticking out from the land over the sea, where people can walk or large boats can be tied, sometimes with restaurants and places of entertainment on it.
a strong thick column used to support a wall, roof, or other structure. a fishing pier
do niczego
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good for nothing
also: a lazy person with no skills
rozdzielać (pożywienie), wydzielać, zasiłek dla bezrobotnych
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dole out
to give something, usually money, to several people
Workers, in their countless thousands, were facing the dole. He spent eighteen months on the dole.
chować na potem, chować coś w schowku, skrywać, zapas na czarną godzinę, zapas drugów
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stash
to store or hide something, especially a large amount:
The stolen pictures were stashed (away) in a warehouse. He needed a place to stash some cash. They discovered a stash of money hidden at the back of a drawer. He has a stash of old comic books in the attic.
ujawniać
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divulge
to make something secret known
Journalists do not divulge their sources. The CEO refused to divulge how much she earned.
wątły, słaby, kruchy
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frail
weak or unhealthy, or easily damaged, broken, or harmed:
a frail old lady I last saw him just last week and thought how old and frail he looked. the country's frail economy
magnetofon
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tape recorder
a machine that is used for playing and recording sound onto tape, usually one that is light and small enough to be carried
These tape recorder differs in price and quality.
mdły
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bland
not having a strong taste or character or not showing any interest or energy
I find chicken a little bland. Pop music these days is so bland.
naczynia
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crockery
cups, plates, bowls, etc., used to serve food and drink, especially made of china
cutlery - eating irons, silverware
mąka razowa
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wholemeal
(of flour or food made from flour) containing all the natural features of the grain, with nothing taken away
wholemeal bread/flour/pastry
pomylić, źle zrozumieć
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mistake
She mistook me for my brother.
gazowany
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fizzy
having a lot of bubbles
fizzy orange/mineral water
przysmak
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delicacy
something especially rare or expensive that is good to eat:
In some parts of the world, sheep's eyes are considered a great delicacy.
delegacja
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mission
a group of people whose job is to increase what is known about their country, organization, or religion in another country or area, or the place where such people are based:
More funds are needed to establish trade missions in eastern Europe. The Methodist mission is situated in one of the poorest parts of the city.
tuczący
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fattening
Fattening food contains a lot of fat, sugar, etc. that would quickly make you fatter if you ate a lot of it:
fattening food, such as cheese and chocolate
czkawka
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hiccup
a loud noise that you make in the throat without wanting to, caused by a sudden tightening of a muscle just below the chest and usually happening repeatedly
I've got the hiccups. an attack of the hiccups
przesiać, przeczesywać (dokumenty), prószyć, przesiew
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sift
to put flour, sugar, etc. through a sieve (= wire net shaped like a bowl) to break up large pieces: to make a close examination of all the parts of something in order to find something or to separate what is useful from what is not
When the cake is cooked, sift some icing sugar over the top of it. sift the flour. The police are sifting the evidence very carefully to try and find the guilty person. After my father's death, I had to sift through all his papers.
agrest
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gooseberry
dokładny(przesadnie), staranny
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meticulous
very careful and with great attention to every detail:
Many hours of meticulous preparation have gone into writing the book.
czarna porzeczka
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black currant
winorośl, pogłoska
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grapevine
a type of climbing plant on which grapes grow. an unofficial, informal way of getting information by hearing about it from someone who heard it from someone else:
I heard through the grapevine that he was leaving - is it true? I heard through the grapevine that they fired him – is that true?
zdolność zdrowienia, wytrzymałość, sprężystość, elastyczność
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resilience
the ability to be happy, successful, etc. again after something difficult or bad has happened: the ability of a substance to return to its usual shape after being bent, stretched, or pressed:
The plant fibre has incredible strength and resilience. Trauma researchers emphasize the resilience of the human psyche.
płowy, płaszczyć się, nadskakiwać komuś, jelonek
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fawn
a young deer. a pale yellowish-brown colour. to give someone a lot of attention and praise in order to get that person’s approval:
I saw a small fawn in the forest! I think this blouse is too fawn for you. I will not fawn on him! He can serve himself.
tolerować, trawić, znosić
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stomach
to be able to accept an unpleasant idea or watch something unpleasant:
He can't stomach the idea that Peter might be the next chairman. She found the violence in the film hard to stomach.
mgła, para, opary
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vapour
gas or extremely small drops of liquid that result from the heating of a liquid or solid
The hollow glass tank contains hot mercury vapour. Poisonous vapours burst out of the factory during the accident.
dwulicowość, podwójność, fałsz
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duplicity, duplicitous; two-faced
two-faced. dishonest talk or behaviour, especially by saying different things to two people: double-dealing
They were accused of duplicity in their dealings with both sides. a duplicitous traitor/spy/politician
niedyskretny, nieostrożny,
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indiscreet
saying or doing things that tell people things that should be secret or that embarrass people:
In an indiscreet moment, the president let his genuine opinions be known. They have been rather indiscreet about their affair.
odwołanie (ambasadora), nakazanie powrotu (do pracy), wycofać (wadliwy produkt ze sprzedaży)
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recall
to order the return of a person who belongs to an organization or of products made by a company: an order for the return of a product made by a company because of a fault in the product:
The ambassador was recalled when war broke out. The government ordered a recall of the garment, saying it could burst into flames. an emergency recall of Parliament
radość, wesołość
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glee
happiness, excitement, or pleasure
with glee, childish glee. She opened her presents with glee.
wywnioskować, wydedukować
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infer
to form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information that you have:
What do you infer from her refusal? [+ that ] I inferred from her expression that she wanted to leave.
skrzypiące deski podłogowe
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creaky floorboards
one of the long, straight pieces of wood used to make a floor
przesadzić
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overindulge
to allow yourself to have too much of something enjoyable, especially food or drink:
I will make put on weight if I decide to overindulge myself. I wish I hadn't overindulged so much last night. Some people regularly overindulge in alcohol.
burczy w żołądku
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stomach growls
nie zaszkodzić
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come to no harm
rozkład jazdy, plan zajęć
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timetable, class schedule
Do you know the whole timetable by heart?! public transport timetable
wniosek, podanie, (o coś)
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application
an official request for something, usually in writing:
an insurance application, I've sent off applications for four different jobs. Argentina has submitted an application to host the World Cup.
obalić teorię
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disprove theory
bratanica/siostrzenica
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niece
a daughter of your brother or sister, or a daughter of your husband's or wife's brother or sister
He saw one brother weekly and was in touch with one niece regularly.
poległy, upadły
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fallen
soldiers who have died in a war. The Education Minister will now join the ranks of other fallen politicians.
a statue in memory of the fallen. The Education Minister will now join the ranks of other fallen politicians.
pogrom, rozgromić
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rout
to defeat an enemy completely and force them to run away. to defeat an opponent completely: defeat
The Russian chess team routed all the rest. The battle/election was a complete and utter rout.
urna, trumna, szkatułka na biżuterię, umieszczać w trumnie
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casket
a small, decorative box, especially one used to keep jewellery in, a coffin
Their caskets are more ornate and only portions of the two flanking skeletons are visible.
lizus, wazeliniarz
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lickspit
a person who praises and tries to please people in authority, usually in order to get some advantage from them:
He is a lickspittle who fawns before his aristocratic employers.
fusy, osad męty, szumowiny (o ludziach)
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dregs
The dregs is the part of something that is considered unimportant and unwanted: small, solid pieces that sink to the bottom of a liquid:
coffee dregs
dekadencki, zdeprawowany (o niskim poziomie moralnym), chylący się ku upadkowi
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decadent
low moral standards and behaviour
Western decadence
aprobata, oficjalne pozwolenie, potwierdzenie, zatwierdzić
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sanction
I didn't expect his sanction - he surprised me. Not all of it had been sanctioned by the state.
okazać się
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prove
to show a particular result after a period of time:
The operation proved a complete success. The dispute over the song rights proved impossible to resolve. The new treatment has proved to be a disaster.
zastąpić, wypierać
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supersede
to replace something, especially something older or more old-fashioned: supplant
Most of the old road has been superseded by the great interstate highways.
powracać do czegoś, wracać do czegoś (o temacie w rozmowie), zwracać własność
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revert, reversion
to return to doing, using, being, or referring to something, usually something bad or less satisfactory: to become the property of a particular person again:
Why does the conversation have to revert to money every five minutes? When they divorced, she reverted to using her maiden name. When I die, the house will revert to my sister. The new procedures are being seen as a reversion to old, inefficient methods.
czyimś kosztem
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at sb's expense
paid for by someone, spare no expense
They are living an extravagant lifestyle at the taxpayer's expense. If you lose your ticket, you will have to buy another at your own expense. No expense was spared in redesigning the chairman's office.
zawiłość
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intricacy, complexity
the quality of having a lot of complicated small parts or details
I enjoyed the film, but I couldn't follow all the intricacies of the plot. the intricacy of the needlework
Kler, duchowieństwo
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clergy
religious leaders, especially Christian priests, ministers, etc.
We were surprised when he announced he wanted to join the clergy.
wysiłek, natężenie
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exertion
to use something such as authority, power, influence, etc. in order to make something happen:
Physical exertion isn’t always a good thing in a hot climate. If you were to exert your influence they might change their decision.
nie skruszony, nieprzepraszający
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unapologetic
unapologetic about. not sorry about having caused someone problems or unhappiness, even though people might expect you to be sorry:
You met her, she's rebellious and unapologetic. They were very rude and completely unapologetic about it.
zwiad
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reconnaissance, research
the process of getting information about enemy forces or positions by sending out small groups of soldiers or by using aircraft, etc.: Aerial reconnaissance of the enemy position showed they were ready to attack.
seans
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showing
pochwalić, polecić, zyskać uznanie
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commend
to formally praise someone or something
The judge commended her for/on her bravery. For a low-budget film, it has much to commend it (= it deserves praise). It says on the back cover of the book "highly commended". The reporter did a commendable job under difficult circumstances.
cenzurować
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censor
to prevent part or the whole of art, document, or other kind of communication from being seen or made available to the public, because it is considered to be offensive or harmful, or because it contains information that someone wishes to keep secret
The book was heavily censored when first published. Is it possible to censor the internet?
potępienie, skrytykować, potępić
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censure
strong criticism or disapproval: to express strong criticism or disapproval
His dishonest behaviour came under severe censure. Ministers were censured for their lack of decisiveness during the crisis. The likelihood is that he will be severely censured and possibly also fined
uprzedzać
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preempt
to prevent something from happening by taking action first: preemptive- wyprzedzający preemptively-zapobiegająco
a preemptive air strike on an enemy base. State laws preempted local governments from restricting newspaper displays.

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